The cells treated with Sp showed slight enhancement in levels of GSH (~1.2 fold), together with minor alterations in GSSG levels, compared to untreated samples which exhibited higher GSSG content, thus indicating efficient recycling of GSSG to GSH (Fig
Combination therapies, such as Miltefosine with Paromomycin or liposomal Amphotericin B, are also being investigated to improve effectiveness and reduce treatment duration ( Nanoparticle formulations of Amphotericin B, including topical options, are being trialed for safer, localized treatment of CL lesions ( 7 Emerging drug targets in Leishmania Recent advances in molecular and cellular biology have identified several promising drug targets that could pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions ( Leishmania parasites, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for visceral leishmaniasis (Wyllie et al., 2018)
Similarly, alterations of redox metabolism have previously been shown to have negative effects on MZB but not on FoB 103,124
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